|
Study Questions
PART I. POLICING
FOUNDATIONS
1. Police in a Democracy
1. Under our form of government, law enforcement is the responsibility
of:
a. The legislative branch
b. The judicial branch
c. The executive branch
d. None of the above
2. To be successful, a democratic government must be based on:
a. A conflict
b. A consensus
c. A consolidation
d. A commission approach
3. These laws are concerned with relationships between individuals.
a. Civil laws
b. Criminal laws
c. Procedural laws
d. All of the above
4. A municipal police officer is an example of:
a. Private police
b. State police
c. A
d. Public police
5. There are over ________ public police agencies in the United States.
a. 10,000
b. 12,000
c. 15,000
d. 17,000
6. About 7 percent of America's sworn law enforcement officers work
for:
a. State agencies
b. Federal agencies
c. Local agencies
d. Special-purpose agencies
7. The integration of two or more police departments is called:
a. Public safety
b. Consolidation
c. Special-jurisdiction police
d. Tribal police
8. The community's legal expectations of the police are derived from:
a. The organizational culture
b. Formal and informal aspects of the police department
c. Individual expectations
d. Substantive and procedural criminal laws
9. This Amendment deals with search and seizure.
a. Fourth Amendment
b. Fifth Amendment
c. Sixth Amendment
d. Eighth Amendment
10. This federal agency has the most full-time officers.
a. Federal Bureau of Investigation
b. U. S. Secret Service
c. Immigration and Naturalization Service
d. Drug Enforcement Administration
11. The police department of a college campus would be an example of:
a. Public safety
b. Special-jurisdiction police
c. Task-force approach
d. Municipal police
12. The organizational culture is part of:
a. Community expectations
b. Organizational expectations
c. Individual expectations
d. None of the above
13. The fundamental assumptions that guide the department and the individual
officer in the exercise of discretion are:
a. Strategies
b. Goals
c. Values
d. All of the above
14. A defendant's right to a fair trial is found in the:
a. Eighth Amendment
b. Fourth Amendment
c. Fifth Amendment
d. Sixth Amendment
15. The right against double jeopardy is found in the:
a. Fifth Amendment
b. Sixth Amendment
c. Eighth Amendment
d. Fourth Amendment
View Chapter 1 Answers
Back to Top
2. Police History
1. One of the
earliest methods of policing, which involved the family, was known as:
a. Nightwatch
b. Sheriff
c. Frankpledge system
d. Kin policing
2. To explain the development of police departments, this theory holds
that the police developed as a result of status-based economic exploitation.
a. Disorder-control theory
b. Crime-control theory
c. Class-control theory
d. Urban-dispersion theory
3. This model of policing attempts to keep politics and personal considerations
out of the decision-making process and uses law and departmental policy
to guide the police-community relationship.
a. Bertillon system
b. Legalistic model
c. Crime-control theory
d. Nightwatch
4. Which Federal agency is responsible for investigating counterfeiting?
a. The Secret Service
b. The FBI
c. The Postal Inspectors
d. The U. S. Marshals
5. To explain the development of police departments, this theory suggests
that increases in criminal activity created a climate of fear and a need
for a new type of police.
a. Disorder-control theory
b. Crime-control theory
c. Class-control theory
d. Urban-dispersion theory
6. Advocates of the legalistic model felt that the primary purpose
of the police should be:
a. Service
b. Order maintenance
c. Crime fighting
d. None of the above
7. In 1833, this U. S. city passed an ordinance that combined a day
force and a night watch, all of whom were paid.
a. New York City
b. Boston
c. Buffalo
d. Philadelphia
8. To explain the development of police departments, this theory explains
it in terms of the need to suppress mob violence.
a. Disorder-control theory
b. Crime-control theory
c. Class-control theory
d. Urban-dispersion theory
9. The Progressive Era movement was based on three basic ideas including:
a. Honesty in government
b. The use of experts to respond to problems
c. More authority for public officials
d. All of the above
10. The Bertillon system involved:
a. Preventive patrol
b. Physical measurements
c. Politics
d. All of the above
11. The first form of modern policing in the southern colonies was:
a. Sheriff
b. Municipal police
c. Slave patrol
d. State police
12. Under the Peelian principles of policing, the police must:
a. Be organized along military lines
b. Be armed
c. Be well-educated
d. All of the above
13. Most cities in the United States had a police department by the:
a. 1850s
b. 1870s
c. 1890s
d. 1900s
14. This agency provides security for the federal courts.
a. U. S. Customs
b. U. S. Secret Service
c. U. S. Park Police
d. U. S. Marshals Service
15. The Metropolitan Police Act was written by:
a. Charles Rowan
b. Richard Mayne
c. Charles Johnson
d. Robert Peel
View Chapter 2 Answers
Back to Top
3. Community Policing
1. This method seeks improvements in doors, windows, locks, alarms,
and lighting that make illegal entry into homes more difficult and more
time-consuming.
a. Citizen input
b. Community relations
c. Public safety
d. Target hardening
2. CPTED stands for:
a. Crime Prevention To End Deterrence
b. Certain Patrol Techniques Envision Drunk Drivers
c. Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design
d. None of the above
3. One reason why team policing was said to have failed or reached
only partial success was:
a. Middle management saw it as a threat to their power
b. The officers were not in favor of it
c. The citizens of the community were not in favor of it
d. Team policing really was not a failure
4. One of the primary objectives of community policing is:
a. Meeting the needs of the police department
b. Meeting the needs of the police officers
c. Meeting the needs of government
d. Meeting the needs of the community
5. Under the SARA model, this element involves identifying problems,
prioritizing those problems, and developing broad goals.
a. Scanning
b. Analysis
c. Response
d. Assessment
6. Under the SARA model, this element involves identifying relevant
data to be collected, researching what is known about the problem type,
and narrowing the scope of the problem.
a. Scanning
b. Analysis
c. Response
d. Assessment
7. The police-community relations philosophy emphasized:
a. The legalistic model of policing
b. The importance of communication and mutual understanding
c. Limiting research
d. All of the above
8. Reoriented operations and geographic focus are part of the ________
of community policing.
a. Philosophical dimension
b. Tactical dimension
c. Strategic dimension
d. All of the above
9. Partnerships and problem solving are part of the _________ of community
policing.
a. Philosophical dimension
b. Tactical dimension
c. Strategic dimension
d. None of the above
10. Citizen input and personalized service are part of the _________
of community policing.
a. Philosophical dimension
b. Tactical dimension
c. Strategic dimension
d. All of the above
11. Permanency of assignment is a key ingredient of:
a. Reoriented operations
b. Personalized service
c. Citizen input
d. Geographic focus
12. Reoriented operations:
a. Recommend less reliance on the patrol car
b. Replace ineffective or isolating operational practices with more
interactive practices
c. Find ways of performing necessary traditional functions
d. All of the above
13. Under the SARA model, this element involves collecting pre- and
post-response qualitative and quantitative data.
a. Scanning
b. Analysis
c. Response
d. Assessment
14. Under the SARA model, this element involves brainstorming for new
interventions and searching for what other communities have done.
a. Scanning
b. Analysis
c. Response
d. Assessment
15. An example of a successful department-wide community policing program
is:
a. LEAA
b. CAPS
c. LEEP
d. All of the above
View Chapter 3 Answers
Back to Top
PART
II: POLICE ADMINISTRATION
4. Police Management
1. Directing individuals
to achieve organizational goals in an efficient and effective manner defines:
a. Organizing
b. Management
c. Quality of life policing
d. Contingency theory
2. This is the process of preparing for the future by setting goals
and objectives and developing courses of action for accomplishing them.
a. Leading
b. Aggressive policing
c. Bureaucracy
d. Planning
3. The extent to which decision making is retained by the top organizational
levels is:
a. Specialization
b. Organizational design
c. Centralization
d. Socialization
4. This is the process of police recruits learning the values and behavioral
patterns of experienced police officers.
a. Planning
b. Zero tolerance policing
c. Open system
d. Socialization
5. The hierarchical structure that outlines the level of position,
power, and authority is known as:
a. Chain of custody
b. Chain of command
c. Chain of management
d. Chain of hierarchy
6. Under systems theory, an open system:
a. Interacts with its environment
b. Cannot be part of the public sector
c. Does not interact with the environment
d. Does not allow the police the ability to adapt
7. This is concerned with the formal patterns of arrangements and relationships
to link people together to accomplish goals.
a. Paramilitary design
b. Corporate strategy
c. Closed system
d. Organizational design
8. General statements of long-term purpose define:
a. Bureaucracy
b. Aggressive policing
c. Socialization
d. Goals
9. The redesigned Uniform Crime Report is known as:
a. PPU
b. NIBRS
c. NCVS
d. Compstat
10. This is the process by which managers determine how the quality
and the quantity of departmental systems can be improved.
a. Controlling
b. Leading
c. Socialization
d. Organizational chart
11. Focusing primarily on leading and controlling is:
a. Quality of life policing
b. Planning
c. Supervision
d. Specialization
12. Majors, captains, and lieutenants would be part of:
a. Lower managers
b. Top managers
c. Rank-and-file positions
d. Middle managers
13. Max Weber coined the term:
a. Management
b. Bureaucracy
c. Paramilitary model
d. Total quality management
14. This individual applied contingency theory to policing in the late
1970s.
a. Roberg
b. Crank
c. Kuykendall
d. Sherman
15. The classical organizational design that has many hierarchical
levels and narrow spans of control, allowing for close supervision of
employees, is known as:
a. Decentralization
b. Generalists
c. Paramilitary model
d. Tall structure
View Chapter 4 Answers
Back to Top
5. Police Organizational
1. "Doing things as they have always been done" describes:
a. Balance of power
b. Quality leadership
c. Job design
d. Inertia
2. Chicago Police Department's attempt at implementing community policing
became known as:
a. TQM
b. EPD
c. CAPS
d. INOP
3. A new patrol strategy may result in:
a. Organizational change
b. Inertia
c. Balance of power
d. None of the above
4. Changes that threaten autonomy may be resisted because:
a. Of inertia
b. They threaten the balance of power
c. They threaten social relationships
d. None of the above
5. One way to overcome the resistance to change is:
a. Tell the officers that they must change
b. Just make the changes and perhaps the officers will not notice
c. Allow the officers to participate in the change process and program
design
d. None of the above
6. Teamwork for planning and goal setting, data-based problem solving,
and employee input in decisions are principles included in:
a. The committee on the future
b. Experimental police district
c. Citizen involvement
d. Quality leadership
7. This is the development and use of new ideas.
a. Quality circles
b. Police-researcher partnerships
c. Innovation
d. Inertia
8. A quality circle is:
a. A management style that was tried and was unsuccessful in policing
b. A group of employees meeting on a regular basis to identify and
solve common work problems
c. A meeting of local chiefs of police to discuss training
d. None of the above
9. Quality/Productivity is now known as:
a. TQM
b. SARA
c. EPD
d. CAPS
10. The Officers' Advisory Council was created to:
a. Assist with the training of new police officers
b. Assist with handling the media requests for information
c. Advise officers about liability issues
d. Advise the chief of police
11. New York City Police Department:
a. Was the first agency to successfully integrate community policing
into the department
b. Never attempted community policing
c. Reduced its emphasis on community policing because of resistance
d. Is waiting to see if other departments successfully integrate community
policing
12. In a national survey of more than 1600 agencies, what lessons were
learned
from experiences with community policing?
a. The importance of taking a long view of the change process
b. The importance of listening to and involving the community
c. The need for pre-implementation training of personnel
d. All of the above
13. WHAM involved:
a. More patrol cars in high-crime areas
b. Changing supervision
c. A more legalistic approach to fighting crime
d. All of the above
14. Chicago's attempt at community policing:
a. Made an increase in the favorable ratings of the police by the public
b. Helped to reduce the crime rate
c. Increased responsiveness to community concern
d. All of the above
15. The most important thing to successful innovation is:
a. Effective and energetic leadership from the office of the chief
b. The chief must be able to motivate departmental personnel
c. The integrity of innovation must be defended
d. Public support
View Chapter 5 Answers
Back to Top
6. Selection and Development
1. ________ is the degree to which a measure actually assesses the
attribute it is designed to measure.
a. Reliability
b. Job analysis
c. BFOQ
d. Validity
2. This court case upheld the standard requirement that police applicants
not have recent or excessive histories of marijuana use.
a. Shield Club v. City of Cleveland
b. Davis v. City of Dallas
c. Dwyer v. City of Miami
d. Clark v. City of San Jose
3. This court case upheld drug-testing requirements and the rejection
of applicants who tested positive for narcotics.
a. Shield Club v. City of Cleveland
b. Davis v. City of Dallas
c. Dwyer v. City of Miami
d. Clark v. City of San Jose
4. Focus on the process that establishes correct and valid thinking
patterns is the definition of:
a. Conflict resolution
b. Ethics
c. Cognitive learning
d. Reality training
5. A process that attempts to measure a candidate's potential for a
particular managerial position is called:
a. Training
b. Career growth
c. Assessment center
d. None of the above
6. This is the ability of a police officer to transfer from one department
to another without losing seniority.
a. Pedagogy
b. Lateral entry
c. Orientation
d. Development
7. The initial step in the selection process is:
a. Training
b. Screening out
c. Testing
d. Recruitment
8. In a study concerning the reasons for entering police work, this
was the number one reason given by Asians.
a. Variety
b. Serve the public
c. Pay
d. Responsibility
9. In a study concerning the reasons for entering police work, this
was the number one reason given by Blacks.
a. Variety
b. Serve the public
c. Pay
d. Responsibility
10. This court case ruled that an employer's requirement of a high
school education and two standardized written tests for a position disqualified
a higher percentage of Blacks than Caucasians.
a. Terry v. Ohio
b. Davis v. City of Dallas
c. Griggs v. Duke Power Company
d. None of the above
11. The antidiscrimination in employment provision of Title VII was
extended to public agencies by way of:
a. Civil Rights Act of 1964
b. Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972
c. Williams v. United States
d. None of the above
12. According to BJS, in a national survey in 2000, _____ of police
departments require a bachelor's degree for employment.
a. 16%
b. 9%
c. 5%
d. 1%
13. _________ measures ability to yield consistent results over time.
a. Impact
b. Reliability
c. Validity
d. None of the above
14. This court case ruled that selection and promotion tests must be
shown to be related to job performance.
a. Davis v. City of Dallas
b. Shield Club v. City of Cleveland
c. Griggs v. Duke Power Company
d. Albemarle Paper Company v. Moody
15. In this court case, the Supreme Court upheld the police department's
requirement of 45 hours of college credit for applicants.
a. Davis v. City of Dallas
b. Shield Club v. City of Cleveland
c. Dwyer v. City of Miami
d. Clark v. City of San Jose
View Chapter 6 Answers
Back to Top
7. Field Operations
1. Police field operations consist of two primary functions:
a. Traffic and undercover
b. Patrol and service
c. Law enforcement and traffic
d. Patrol and investigation
2. The "backbone of policing" is:
a. Investigations
b. Service
c. Patrol
d. Management
3. This had traditionally been regarded as the most important patrol
function.
a. Crime repression
b. Service
c. Response time
d. Contact
4. The goals of patrol include:
a. Traffic control
b. Creating a sense of security
c. Apprehension of offenders
d. All of the above
5. The most frequently used method for resource determination is:
a. Intuitive approach
b. Comparative approach
c. Proactive approach
d. Reactive approach
6. As a general rule, the greater the number of problems and calls
for service:
a. The larger the beat and the less concentrated the resources
b. The larger the beat and the more concentrated the resources
c. The smaller the beat and the more concentrated the resources
d. The smaller the beat and the less concentrated the resources
7. ICAM stands for:
a. Intensive Care And Management
b. Information Can Aid Management
c. Investigation, Caution, Alertness, Mobility
d. Information Collection for Automated Mapping
8. Possibly the most influential early study on police operations was
conducted in:
a. Kansas City
b. Los Angeles
c. St. Louis
d. Miami
9. The first police investigators were known as:
a. The Pinkerton Company
b. Bobbies
c. Fieldings
d. Bow Street Runners
10. The due-process revolution occurred in the:
a. 1930s
b. 1960s
c. 1940s
d. 1990s
11. Two critical developments of the 1930s changed the nature of police
work. One was the increased use of the patrol car. The other development
was:
a. Greater use of nonlethal weapons
b. The police becoming more proactive
c. The Uniform Crime Report
d. All of the above
12. In the battle against terrorist acts, patrol should incorporate:
a. Target-oriented activities
b. Event analysis
c. SARA
d. All of the above
13. Police officers perform essentially three functions in the attempt
to accomplish goals on patrol. One of those functions includes answering
calls concerning loud parties, underage drinking, or minor neighborhood
disputes. These are examples of:
a. Law enforcement
b. Order maintenance
c. Social service
d. All of the above
14. Studies concerning foot patrol generally find:
a. It reduces citizens' fear of crime
b. It increases tensions between citizens and the officers on foot
patrol
c. It increases the disparity between Black and Caucasian perceptions
of crime and policing
d. All of the above
15. The results of the Kansas City Preventive Patrol Experiment were:
a. Crime in the reactive zones increased
b. Crime in the proactive zones increased
c. Feelings of security decreased in the reactive zones
d. No appreciable change occurred in any of the zones
View Chapter 7 Answers
PART III: POLICE
BEHAVIOR
8. Behavior and Misconduct
1. What transpires
in the selection process, the training program, and what is learned about
policies and procedures is part of:
a. The relationship between management and peer groups
b. In-group solidarity
c. Situational applications
d. Formal socialization
2. In the varieties of police behavior, this style affords the officer
a great deal of latitude in how to handle certain problems. It may include
doing nothing at all.
a. Legalistic style
b. Service style
c. Watchman style
d. None of the above
3. The behavior of a police officer is explained by the characteristics,
values, and attitudes that the individual officer had before becoming
a police officer. This is known as:
a. Culture
b. Predispositional theory
c. Legalistic style
d. Discretion
4. In this policing style, the police see themselves as providing a
product that the community wants.
a. Legalistic style
b. Service style
c. Watchman style
d. None of the above
5. In the making of a policeman, this stage involves the police academy
experience.
a. Pre-entry choice
b. Introduction
c. Encounter
d. Metamorphosis
6. In the making of a policeman, this stage involves the officer adjusting
to the reality of police work.
a. Pre-entry choice
b. Introduction
c. Encounter
d. Metamorphosis
7. Which situational variable is thought not to affect discretion?
a. Race
b. Gender
c. Location
d. All affect discretion
8. Which individual variable does not affect discretion?
a. Education
b. Gender
c. Family situation
d. All affect discretion
9. This investigative body looked at corruption in the New York City
Police Department in the 1960s and 1970s.
a. Lexow Committee
b. Knapp Commission
c. Barker Board
d. Roberg Committee
10. Among the elements of police culture, one principle states that
the police develop strategies and tactics to protect themselves when department
goals are perceived to undermine their ability to do their work. That principle
is:
a. Coercive territorial control
b. Unknown
c. Loose coupling
d. Solidarity
11. Worden identified five ways in which individual police officers
are different from one another. One way is concerned with cynicism. This
would be part of the:
a. View of human nature
b. Different role orientations
c. Different attitudes toward legal and departmental restrictions
d. Peer group support
12. Another way that police officers are different from one another
is concerned with making the ends justify the means. This would be part
of the:
a. View of human nature
b. Different role orientations
c. Different attitudes toward legal and departmental restrictions
d. Peer group support
13. The research conducted concerning police values seems to support:
a. Predispositional theory
b. Socialization theory
c. Metamorphosis
d. Encounter
14. In the making of a policeman, this stage involves the officer being
taught what the work is really like.
a. Pre-entry choice
b. Introduction
c. Encounter
d. Metamorphosis
15. Under this style of police behavior, the officer does the minimum
amount of work necessary to get by.
a. Old-style crime fighter
b. Clean-beat crime fighter
c. Professional-style officer
d. Service-style officer
View Chapter 8 Answers
9. Force and Coercion
1. The use of force by police may conflict with community standards.
In this conflict the law and departmental policy may consider the police
use of force appropriate, but a substantial segment of the community does
not. This is a:
a. Type 1 conflict
b. Type 2 conflict
c. Type 3 conflict
d. Type 4 conflict
2. In this type of conflict, an officer's behavior meets the expectations
of some segments of the community but is inconsistent with both law and
departmental policy.
a. Type 1 conflict
b. Type 2 conflict
c. Type 3 conflict
d. Type 4 conflict
3. In this type of conflict, conflict occurs when there are differences
between the law and departmental policy.
a. Type 1 conflict
b. Type 2 conflict
c. Type 3 conflict
d. Type 4 conflict
4. __________ is defined as violence of a degree that is more than
justified to effect a legitimate police function.
a. Police brutality
b. Verbal abuse
c. Third degree
d. Excessive force
5. Psychologically coercive techniques interfere with constitutional
ideas of fair play. That was the ruling in:
a. McAllen v. Washington
b. Larson v. United States
c. Miranda v. Arizona
d. New York v. Scott
6. Research indicates that the police miss with about __________ of
the bullets they fire.
a. 60 to 85 percent
b. 25 to 40 percent
c. 10 to 35 percent
d. 30 to 50 percent
7. This case ruled that undercover officers did not have to give Miranda
warnings to incarcerated suspects.
a. Miranda v. Arizona
b. Illinois v. Perkins
c. New Jersey v. Hopkins
d. Undercover officers do have to give Miranda warnings
8. This form of abuse occurs with greater frequency than the others.
a. Physical abuse
b. Verbal abuse/psychological abuse
c. Excessive force
d. Legal abuse/violation of civil rights
9. From 1949 to 1990, as a rough estimate, the police killed approximately
________ people.
a. 7,000
b. 13,000
c. 23,000
d. 21,000
10. There are a number of factors that influence the use of deadly
force. The neighborhood where the police do their work is an example of:
a. Racial considerations
b. Officer factors
c. Environmental variations
d. Changes in policy
11. African American officers are ______ likely to use deadly force
and ______ likely to be the victims of its use than are other officers.
a. More; less
b. More; more
c. Less, more
d. Less; less
12. This authorized the use of deadly force when a suspect of a serious
crime was attempting to run from the police.
a. Fleeing-felon rule
b. Escape clause
c. Restricted shooting policy
d. None of the above
13. Police use of force and its justifications are determined by several
factors, including:
a. Formal training according to the state code
b. Local police cultures
c. Limits on the use of force determined by local departmental regulations
d. All of the above
14. More restrictive guidelines concerning the police use of deadly
force has resulted in:
a. The number of citizens killed by the police has declined
b. The number of police injures or deaths has increased
c. The adoption of the fleeing-felon rule
d. All of the above
15. Sources of data concerning police use of deadly force resulting
in death are:
a. The FBI
b. The National Center for Health Statistics
c. The study of individual cities
d. All of the above
View Chapter 9 Answers
10. Accountability and Ethics
1. Investigations into citizen complaints fall under four classifications.
This classification is one in which the complaint lacks supporting evidence
and cannot be considered true or false.
a. Sustained complaints
b. Unsubstantiated complaints
c. Unfounded complaints
d. Exoneration
2. This court case states that statements compelled during an internal
investigation cannot be used later in a court of law.
a. Miranda v. Arizona
b. Escobedo v. Illinois
c. Garrity v. New Jersey
d. The statements can be used in court
3. Under this classification, the investigation of the citizen complaint
finds that the complaint is essentially true but that the officer's actions
were justified and legal.
a. Sustained complaints
b. Unsubstantiated complaints
c. Unfounded complaints
d. Exoneration
4. Limitations of civilian review boards include:
a. The civilian review is too far removed from the day-to-day operations
to understand and respond to the dynamics of illegal behavior
b. Civilian review can take away opportunities for the immediate supervisor
to deal with the problem
c. Civilian review tends to discourage the use of internal socialization
processes
d. All of the above
5. Characteristics of professionalization include:
a. Autonomy
b. Internal affairs
c. Hierarchy
d. All are characteristics of professionalization
6. From an ethical perspective, that which is considered good varies
with the particular values of the group and individuals.
a. Ethical formalism
b. Ethical utilitarianism
c. Ethical relativism
d. Egoism
7. According to this ethical perspective, it is the results of one's
actions that determine what is moral and good.
a. Ethical formalism
b. Ethical utilitarianism
c. Ethical relativism
d. Egoism
8. In dealing with police misbehavior, this method does not investigate
citizen complaints but rather focuses on the police organization and its
policies and practices.
a. Civilian review boards
b. Decertification
c. Civil liability
d. Police auditor system
9. This ethical perspective places a moral worth on doing one's duty,
on going by the book.
a. Ethical formalism
b. Ethical utilitarianism
c. Ethical relativism
d. Egoism
10. Decertification is one method of external accountability.
Some form of decertification is found in about __________ of the states.
a. 50%
b. 100%
c. 75%
d. 85%
11. A ____________ identifies the methods or steps to be taken when
performing a task.
a. Policy
b. Procedure
c. Goal
d. Objective
12. A specific statement that identifies required or prohibited behaviors
by officers is:
a. Objective
b. Procedure
c. Rule
d. Policy
13. This is a general statement of purpose that is useful in identifying
the role and mission of the police.
a. Policy
b. Objective
c. Rule
d. Goal
14. Civil rights violations committed by the police are violations
of:
a. Title 42, USC
b. Title 18, USC
c. Title 1983, USC
d. None of the above
15. According to this ethical perspective, what is good is that which
results in the greatest benefit for me.
a. Religion
b. Ethical formalism
c. Egoism
d. Ethical relativism
View Chapter 10 Answers
11. Legal Issues
1. Issues of search and seizure are covered under the:
a. Fourth Amendment
b. Fifth Amendment
c. Sixth Amendment
d. Eighth Amendment
2. An arrest must be based upon:
a. A warrant
b. Reasonable suspicion
c. Probable cause
d. All of the above
3. This is the landmark case for stop and frisk.
a. Mapp v. Ohio
b. Miranda v. Arizona
c. Nix v. Williams
d. Terry v. Ohio
4. It is permissible for the police to perform a limited protective
sweep of a home to determine if there are others who could pose a safety
risk for officers. This was the ruling in the case of:
a. Moran v. Burbine
b. Minnesota v. Dickerson
c. Mapp v. Ohio
d. Maryland v. Buie
5. The police do not need a warrant to search property that is abandoned.
That was the ruling in the case of:
a. Chimel v. California
b. California v. Greenwood
c. United States v. Leon
d. United States v. Ross
6. In this case, the Supreme Court determined that seizures incident
to pretextual stops of vehicles are not unreasonable.
a. United States v. Ross
b. New York v. Quarles
c. Whren v. United States
d. Chicago v. Morales
7. If the police merely issue a traffic citation and the suspect is
not taken into custody, a search of the vehicle absent probable cause is
improper. That was the ruling in:
a. Knowles v. Iowa
b. United States v. Ross
c. Terry v. Ohio
d. Carroll v. United States
8. This case is known as the "Inevitable Discovery exception."
a. New York v. Quarles
b. Miranda v. Arizona
c. Chimel v. California
d. Nix v. Williams
9. This case is known as the "Public Safety exception."
a. New York v. Quarles
b. Miranda v. Arizona
c. Chimel v. California
d. Nix v. Williams
10. In situations of civil liability, this defense only applies when
the police officer commits perjury in court.
a. Absolute immunity
b. Qualified immunity
c. Probably cause
d. Good faith
11. The Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court of the 1960s
was:
a. Warren Burger
b. Earl Warren
c. Earl Weaver
d. Warren Beatty
12. When probable cause exists, this case permits the police to conduct
a warrantless search of a vehicle and any closed containers in the vehicle.
a. Harris v. New York
b. Michigan v. Mosley
c. United States v. Ross
d. United States v. Leon
13. In the case of Arizona v. Hicks, the Court ruled:
a. The stereo was not in plain view
b. The stereo was in plain view and could be seized
c. The police did not have a right to be there
d. Turning the stereo around was the equivalent of a search and needed
a warrant
14. In the case of civil liability, a legal duty falls under:
a. Intentional torts
b. Strict tort liability
c. Negligent torts
d. None of the above
15. Which is NOT a defense to a section 1983 claim?
a. Battery
b. Absolute immunity
c. Good faith
d. Probable cause
View Chapter 11 Answers
PART IV: CONTEMPORARY
ISSUES
12. Cultural Diversity
1. This is derived from the systematic study of one or more effectiveness
criteria.
a. Testimonial evidence
b. Empirical evidence
c. Structural characteristics
d. None of the above
2. This is based on the opinions of individuals who have strong political
beliefs.
a. Testimonial evidence
b. Empirical evidence
c. Structural characteristics
d. None of the above
3. This U. S. Supreme Court decision ruled that the use of a professionally
developed examination could not be used if it had a discriminatory effect.
a. Davis v. City of Dallas
b. Illinois v. Perkins
c. U. S. v. Paradise
d. Griggs v. Duke Power Company
4. This U. S. Supreme Court case ruled that preferential treatment
had been granted to blacks solely on the basis of race and that the policy
therefore discriminated against all others.
a. Davis v. City of Dallas
b. New York v. Quarles
c. ACLU v. United States
d. Detroit Police Officers' Association v. Young
5. This U. S. Supreme Court case upheld racial quotas as a means of
reversing past discrimination.
a. U. S. v. Paradise
b. Griggs v. Duke Power Company
c. Sapp v. United States
d. Schneider v. United States
6. Leave policies that favor pregnant women may not be discriminatory.
That was the ruling in:
a. Columbia v. Lonsway
b. California Savings and Loan v. Guerra
c. Martin v. City of Los Angeles
d. Parsons v. Reaves
7. Quid pro quo harassment:
a. Usually includes repeated incidents of a series of events
b. Must be male against female
c. Requires the employee to choose between the job and the sexual demands
d. All of the above
8. Black officers needed to prove to white officers that they were
not biased and therefore treated black suspects the same as they treated
white suspects, or even more harshly. This situation is termed:
a. Diversity
b. Structural characteristics
c. Reverse discrimination
d. Double marginality
9. The first woman to hold full police powers was hired in:
a. 1905
b. 1910
c. 1917
d. 1926
10. The first women to be assigned to patrol work occurred in:
a. 1945
b. 1957
c. 1968
d. 1973
11. Legal challenges to discrimination in employment are brought under
either:
a. Fourteenth Amendment equal protection clause
b. Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972
c. Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act
d. Any of the above
12. Women comprised ______ of all local police officers in 2000.
a. 3.6%
b. 10.6%
c. 5.2%
d. 21.2%
13. Minority officers comprise approximately _______ of all local police
officers in 2000.
a. 23.7%
b. 11.7%
c. 30.7%
d. 36.7%
14. The first African American female chief of a major U. S. police
department was in:
a. Chicago
b. Houston
c. Las Vegas
d. Atlanta
15. Hostile-work-environment harassment:
a. Occurs when unwelcome conduct is so severe that it interferes with
a person's job
b. Makes the person choose between the job and the sexual demands
c. Usually occurs between a supervisor and subordinate
d. All of the above
View Chapter 12 Answers
13. Stress and Officer Safety
1. This type of stress deals with the biological effects on the individual,
including such factors as increased heart disease, high blood pressure,
and ulcers.
a. Sensitization training
b. Peer counseling
c. Psychological stress
d. Physiological stress
2. Selye identified two types of stress. One was a positive stress.
This positive stress is known as:
a. Acute stress
b. Chronic stress
c. Eustress
d. Anxiety
3. Some of the common reactions to stress in policing include flashbacks,
nightmares, and memory lapses. These are all:
a. Behavior/coping reactions
b. Cognitive reactions
c. Emotional reactions
d. Physical reactions
4. Some common reactions to stress in policing include fear, guilt,
anger, and sadness. These are all:
a. Behavior/coping reactions
b. Cognitive reactions
c. Emotional reactions
d. Physical reactions
5. Some of the stressors in police work include frustration with the
system, negative public attitudes, and negative media coverage. These
are examples of:
a. External stressors
b. Internal stressors
c. Police stressors
d. Officer stressors
6. Some of the stressors in police work include fears regarding job
competency, safety, and an altered social status in the community. These
are examples of:
a. External stressors
b. Internal stressors
c. Police stressors
d. Officer stressors
7. According to FBI data, from 1992 to 2001 more police officers were
feloniously killed while involved in this circumstance:
a. Traffic stops
b. Arrest situations
c. Domestic violence
d. Investigating suspicious persons
8. According to FBI data, from 1992 to 2001 more police officers were
feloniously assaulted while involved in this circumstance:
a. Traffic stops
b. Arrest situations
c. Transporting prisoners
d. Disturbance calls
9. In a study conducted in Baltimore County, which factor(s) were found
to increase the odds of the officer being injured in an assault?
a. The assailant was intoxicated
b. Officers were responding to domestic violence situations
c. There was one assailant
d. All of the above
10. The lack of administrative support, minimal participation in decision-making
affecting work tasks, and perceived unfair discipline are police stressors
dealing with:
a. Departmental practices
b. Stressors inherent in police work
c. Legal procedure
d. None of the above
11. According to a study conducted by Violanti and Aron, this was identified
as the most stressful situation in policing.
a. A physical attack
b. A fellow officer killed
c. High-speed chases
d. Killing someone in the line of duty
12. In dealing with critical incidents, research has found that officers
experience the most stress reactions within ________ after the event.
a. six hours
b. three days
c. 24 hours
d. one week
13. In a study of married life and being a police officer, this was
the most often-cited complaint.
a. The problem of spending time with the children
b. Missing weekends
c. Missing holidays
d. Difficulty maintaining nonpolice friendships
14. In a small study conducted by Kraska and Kappeler, they discovered
this group used marijuana while on-duty most often.
a. Line officers
b. Upper management
c. Middle management
d. There was not marijuana use by on-duty police officers
15. According to FBI statistics, _________ percent of police officers
killed with guns since 1980 could have been saved if they had been wearing
a vest.
a. 25
b. 33
c. 42
d. 56
View Chapter 13 Answers
14. Higher Education
1. One of the first individuals to call for higher education for police
officers was:
a. Max Weber
b. Brenda Davis
c. August Vollmer
d. None of the above
2. The Law Enforcement Assistance Administration was created by:
a. National Advisory Commission on Criminal Justice Standards and Goals
b. Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act
c. Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act
d. Law Enforcement Education Program
3. This act allocated $9 billion to hire an additional 100,000 police
officers under the community-oriented policing services.
a. National Advisory Commission on Criminal Justice Standards and Goals
b. Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act
c. Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act
d. Law Enforcement Education Program
4. The National Advisory Commission on Higher Education for Police
Officers issued a report in 1978 that called for:
a. No college credit for attending police department training programs
b. Community colleges should phase out terminal two-year degree programs
in police education
c. Prior employment in criminal justice should be neither a requirement
nor a handicap in faculty selection
d. All of the above
5. This case challenged the department's requirement of 45 semester
units with a minimum of a C average.
a. Davis v. City of Dallas
b. Castro v. Beecher
c. Griggs v. Duke Power Company
d. None of the above
6. The Police Corps program:
a. Provided reserve officers
b. Provided tuition reimbursements
c. Provided administration with guidelines
d. None of the above
7. When compared to police with little or no college, research found
that college-educated officers:
a. Less authoritarian
b. More sensitive to community relations
c. More humanistic
d. All of the above
8. This case affirmed the requirement of a high school education by
the Boston Police Department.
a. Carter v. Massachusetts
b. Vollmer v. Jones
c. Castro v. Beecher
d. United States v. Watt
9. This case supported the idea that an educational requirement can
be quantitatively job validating in stating that such requirements indicates
a measure of accomplishment and ability which is essential for performance
as a police officer.
a. Arnold v. Ballard
b. Palmer v. United States
c. Davis v. City of Dallas
d. City of Tulsa v. Berg
10. This case ruled that employment practice is job related, it may
be allowed as a requirement, even though it has discriminatory overtones.
a. Thompson v. Oklahoma
b. Griggs v. Duke Power Co.
c. Hagan v. Pennsylvania
d. ACLU v. United States
11. In a finding by PERF, female officers:
a. Had a lower educational level than male officers
b. Had a higher educational level than male officers
c. Had the same educational level as male officers
d. None of the above
12. In a national study of 3,000 state and local law enforcement agencies
conducted by the Bureau of Justice Statistics, they found that ______
of the departments required a four-year college degree for employment in
2000.
a. 3 percent
b. 8 percent
c. 12 percent
d. 1 percent
13. Results from the same study indicate that _____ of departments
serving more than 1,000,000 residents required either a four-year or a
two-year degree.
a. 2 percent
b. 5 percent
c. 0 percent
d. 1 percent
14. In a study conducted by PERF in 1998, they found ____ of police
chiefs had a law degree or a doctoral degree.
a. 2 percent
b. 5 percent
c. 0 percent
d. 1 percent
15. Some research suggests that approximately ______ of officers in
the field have a baccalaureate degree.
a. 15 percent
b. 35 percent
c. 55 percent
d. 25 percent
View Chapter 14 Answers
15. Contemporary and Emerging Issues
1. The crime prone age bracket is considered to be:
a. 15
b. 13
c. 18
d. 20
2. It is estimated
that ______
children
between the ages of 5 and 14 are latchkey kids.
a. 3 million
b. 4.5 million
c. 6 million
d. 7.5 million
3. The percentage
of adults seeking work who are unsuccessful in gaining employment defines:
a. The poverty rate
b. Income inequality
c. Immigration
d. None of the above
4. Witnesses are
shown one photo or person at a time and asked to decide if that is the
offender. This describes:
a. Simultaneous line-ups
b. Sequential line-ups
c. Emblematic line-ups
d. None of the above
5. There are ______ times more private police than public
police
a. 3
b. 4
c. 5
d. There are more public police than private police.
6. The population
of the ______ grew faster than the population
in each of the other three regions of the country in every decade of the
twentieth century.
a. Northeast
b. South
c. West
d. Midwest
7. This indicates
how much range there is between low-income and high-income individuals.
a. Unemployment rate
b. Poverty rate
c. Income inequality
d. None of the above
8 The capacity
of different unitys and different agencies to be able to communicate with
each other share information is known as:
a. Transnational network
b. Interoperability
c. AFIS
d. None of the above
9. This area of
the country is the most densely populated and has the highest percentage
of its population living in metropolitan areas.
a. Northeast
b. South
c. West
d. Midwest
10. The state with
the highest crime rate in the United States is:
a. California
b. Florida
c. New York
d. Arizona
11. The war on
drugs in the United States has involved:
a. Militarization
b. Federalization
c. Globalization
d. All of the above
12. Because of
this police departments are able to keep closer track of officers and patrol
cars.
a. Militarization
b. GIS
c. GPS
d. None of the above
13. The states
recording the fastest growth in rural areas were:
a. New York, New Jersey, New Hampshire
b. Nevada, Alaska, Idaho
c. Minnesota, Utah, Wyoming
d. Washington, Oregon, Montana
14. Since deinstitutionalization
of people with mental illness, the police have become more involved. This
trend seems like it will continue because:
a. American society shows no signs of improving the provision of social
services or health care for people with mental illness
b. Mental health problems are increasingly entangled with substance
abuse problems
c. Police encounters with people suffering severe mental health crises
continue to have tragic consequences
d. All of the above
15. The USA Patriot
Act of 2001:
a. Creates new crimes, new penalties, and new procedural efficiencies
for use against domestic and international terrorists
b. Gives federal officials greater authority to track and intercept
communications
c. Seeks to further close our borders to foreign terrorists and to
detain and remove those within our borders
d. All of the above
View Chapter 15 Answers
|